Sunday, 06 May 2012
By Rosie Mitchell
It’s safe to say that if you had time for only one beach day in Cape
Town, it would just have to be at Boulders, in Simon’s Town. First, the
water’s just about a bearable temperature for swimming, when compared
with the Atlantic side of Cape Town. Second, it’s very scenic with many
attractive large boulders which also provide shelter from the chilling
effects of wind, and third, it’s in a well-sheltered bay. Best of all,
though you can swim and spend time with penguins!
Since 1982 when a colony of African penguins, an endangered species,
first arrived at Boulders Beach and liked the look of it for breeding,
these enchanting and comical flightless birds have been a tourist draw
card and a source of much human pleasure in their antics and behaviours.
They have been breeding very well at Boulders and this beach forms part
of the Table Mountain National Park, providing, quite literally, safe
harbour for these birds. Not only can you relax on the beach, swim in
the bay, including side by side with penguins, get incredibly close to
them on the sand and enjoy watching them; you can also go for a nature
walk along the specially constructed boardwalks and see their breeding
areas and their young, reading informative notice boards all the way and
learning more about them.
So it was that our post-marathon group spent a very happy few
hours enjoying the penguins, braving the chilly water and soaking up
some sun. This experience never gets old, it’s worth doing on every trip
to Cape Town. Children are totally delighted by the penguins which have
such universal appeal so this makes the perfect family outing in Cape
Town, especially as it’s so sheltered and there are no dangerous
breakers to worry about.
The African penguin is monogamous, and we saw plenty of love-bird
penguins affectionately grooming their life partners while enjoying our
Boulders day. There is of course an entry fee, this being a SAN
National Park, but one hardly resents paying, much work has been done
here to keep the penguins safe and to encourage breeding to be repeated
here year after year. In fact, the penguins could not have chosen a
better spot than Cape Town, which is a city with a very strong
conservation focus and lobby!
It really is quite amazing to have an entire colony of penguins
living happily right inside a built up suburban area. There are even
road signs here, to warn motorists to be watchful for penguins! This is
one of very few sites where this vulnerable bird can be enjoyed and
observed at close range, wandering freely in a protected natural
environment. From just two breeding pairs in 1982, the colony has grown
to over 3 000 today, and is still increasing. There are plenty of
pilchards and anchovies in these waters, an important part of their
diet. The attractive granite boulders dotted all about and providing
shade and shelter for bathers and penguins alike, are an amazing 540
million years old.
African Penguins have distinctive black and white colouring which
is wonderful camouflage, the white hiding them from underwater
predators looking upwards and the black, from predators looking down
onto the water. They breed in colonies with couples returning year after
year to the same site. Nesting in South Africa is at its height from
March to May.
At the turn of the last century, there were an estimated 4
million African penguins. By 2000, only 200 000 remained. In 2010, this
had dropped to just 55 000. Commercial fishing has forced them to hunt
further and further from shore, and they have to eat less nutritious
prey, as their preferred prey is now scarce. Global climate change is
also affecting their food supply. As recently as the mid-twentieth
century, penguin eggs were considered a delicacy.
Habitat pollution a major challenge for penguins
Penguins often perish as a result of habitat pollution by petrochemicals from spills, shipwrecks and cleaning of tankers at sea.
In
2000, an iron ore tanker sank between Robben and Dassen Islands,
releasing 1 300 tons of fuel oil, causing a massive coastal bird crisis
and oiling 19 000 adult penguins at the height of their breeding season.
The oiled birds were brought to an old warehouse in Cape Town for
rehabilitation, and an additional 19 500 penguins, as yet safe from the
spill, were removed before they became oiled, and released 800
kilometres east of Cape Town, allowing time to clean up the oil before
they could swim home. Tens of thousands of volunteers descended on Cape
Town to help with the rescue and clean-up operation, which took over
three months and was the largest animal rescue event in history. Over
91% of the penguins were successfully rehabilitated and released.
source
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